Meaning
Computational processes that create unique identifiers to represent sensitive data fields ensure that the original information remains hidden from unauthorized systems. During surrogate token generation, a mathematical function or a random number generator produces a value that has no intrinsic financial worth. This generated value maintains the format of the original data to ensure compatibility with downstream processing systems.
Algorithmic Logic
Consistency is required so that the same account number can be recognized across multiple transactions if the business logic requires it. The surrogate token generation system may use a cryptographic hash or a look up table to maintain this one to one relationship. Unlike encryption, this process is often irreversible without access to the central vault where the mapping is stored.
Delivery Model
Delivery of the new token to the requesting application happens via a secure application programming interface. These interfaces are protected.
Usage Restriction
Control over the scope of the surrogate value is a major benefit of this approach. A value produced by surrogate token generation might only be valid for a specific web domain or a single recurring billing cycle. This granularity allows for precise control over how and where the payment credentials can be used in the marketplace.