Meaning
Light management in display technology relies on the reflection of ambient light rather than the use of a backlight to produce visible images. Electronic paper optics use microcapsules or interferometric modulators to change the color and the intensity of the light reflected from the screen surface. This mechanism allows the display to remain readable even in direct sunlight while consuming power only when the image changes.
The optical performance is limited by the refresh rate of the physical pigments which is slower than that of liquid crystal displays.
Reflected Light
Natural illumination provides the source for the visual output.
Visual Performance
Contrast ratios in these displays depend on the white state and the dark state of the reflective material. During the operation of electronic paper optics, the particles inside the screen move in response to an electric field to create text or graphics. This movement results in a high-contrast image that looks like ink on paper, which reduces the physical strain associated with long periods of reading.
Power Consumption
Energy efficiency is achieved by eliminating the constant light source. Because the state of the pigments is bi-stable, electronic paper optics maintain an image without an active power supply once the particles are in position. This property makes the technology ideal for retail price tags or e-readers that must operate for weeks on a single battery charge.