Meaning
Unplanned events where the internal pressure of a chemical or industrial system moves outside the established safe operating limits can lead to equipment damage. A process pressure excursion might be caused by a valve failure or a sudden temperature spike. Monitoring these events is necessary for maintaining the integrity of the pressure vessels and the safety of the facility.
Pressure Deviation
Magnitude of the difference between the setpoint and the actual peak pressure defines the severity of the incident. Every process pressure excursion is logged by the control system to provide a history for the engineering team. Significant deviations trigger the opening of relief valves to prevent a catastrophic rupture of the piping.
Event Recovery
Steps taken to return the system to a stable state after a surge determine the duration of the downtime. Analyzing a process pressure excursion involves identifying the trigger and ensuring that no permanent deformation of the hardware occurred. The system is typically restarted in a controlled manual mode to verify that all sensors are reading correctly.
Safety Breach
Failure to contain the pressure within the design limits can result in the release of hazardous materials. A process pressure excursion that exceeds the secondary containment capacity is reported to regulatory authorities. Modern plants use high integrity pressure protection systems to shut down the feed pumps before the excursion reaches a dangerous level.